Methylbenzoic acid, also known as toluic acid, is a type of aromatic carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C8H8O2. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone, but only slightly soluble in water. Methylbenzoic acid is commonly used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including dyes, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.Methylbenzoic acid exists in three isomeric forms, each with a different arrangement of the methyl group and carboxylic acid group on the benzene ring. These isomers are ortho-methylbenzoic acid, meta-methylbenzoic acid, and para-methylbenzoic acid. Each isomer has slightly different properties and reactivity, which can affect its suitability for various applications.
In addition to its use in chemical synthesis, methylbenzoic acid has also been studied for its potential medicinal properties. It has been shown to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, and may have potential as a therapeutic agent for certain conditions.